Herniated nucleus pulposus (or bulging disc) refers to the prolapse of an intervertebral disk through a tear in the tissue surrounding it.
This causes pain from putting pressure on adjacent nerve roots that many will describe as shooting or radiating pain.
Numbness and weakness in the lower extremities are also common symptoms when the nerves are compressed.
This is the most common cause of sciatica.
HNP is usually caused by too much pressure on the spine (most commonly in the lumbar region) that causes the thick, fibrous tissue surrounding the spine to tear.
Lifting injuries, car accidents and sports injuries are very common reasons for this to occur.
In other cases, the tissue is inherently weak causing it to be susceptible to herniation.
If HNP is suspected, an MRI will confirm the diagnosis.
Most times, this can be treated conservatively
Lumbar corset brace can be purchased to help take pressure off the low back and prevent excessive motion of the spine.
Physical therapy
In most instances, with the above treatments, the pain will improve and there will be no long-term complications.
In some rare cases, the neurological deficits progress and require surgical intervention.
You would be referred to an adult orthopedic spine specialist to further discuss options.
Receiving a diagnosis of herniated nucleus pulposus can be very scary.
With the right treatment, this is a very manageable problem.
Core strength will be a very important factor in pain control, stability of the spine and decreasing the risk of progression.
